Means for tempering transfer web-coating material



June 11, 1929. w. J. HUGHES MEANS FOR TEMPERING TRANSFER WEB COATING MATERIAL Filed May 5, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet v //Y/ f/Y/ #444004 Jams-E flue/ms:

June 11, 1929. w. J. HUGHES 1,717,341

MEANS FOR TEMPERING TRANSFER WEB COATING MATERIAL Filed May 5, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 11, 1929.

WILLIAM JONSE HUGHES, OF BROOKLYN, PLIES COMPANY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW

NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO MANIFOLD SUP- YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MEANS FOR TEMPERING TRANSFER WEB-COATING MATERIAL.

Application filed May 5,

My invention relates to the manufacture of what is termed carbon paper principally used for transferring typewritten impressions and in which the coating of transfer material upon the paper or other flexible web comprises comminuted solid pigment, for instance, powdered carbon, suspended 1n a waxy medium; for instance, including carnauba wax.

Such transfer material must be solid at atmospheric temperatures, and be heated above such temperatures to liquefy it, so that the web may be, coated therewith. Ordinary carbon transfer material, known in the art as dope, has a melting point of about 165 F and is preferably heated to about 180 F., to liquefy it, so that it may be applied to the web, which may be paper or other flexible fabric.

Although it is the usual practice to spontaneously cool and thus solidify such a coating of transfer material, immediately after its application to the web, simply by exposure to the atmosphere; it has been discovered that both the qualitative and quantitative capacity of any such transfer material, to impart impressions, is dependent upon, and varies with, the

length of the time during which such coating is required to pass from the liquid to the solid state. For instance, if the coating be instantaneously chilled, impressions therefrom may be too light, whereas, extremely delay-- ing the solidification results in impressions which are too dark, for commercial use in typewriting; for the adherence of the transfer material to the web is minimized by such delay; so that practically all of the coating may come off with the first impression. In other words; the solidification of the transfer material coating upon the web may be advantageously varied in accordance with the kind and number of impressions which it is desired to transfer from a single web.

Therefore, it is the object and efiect of my invention to provide means for controlling the temperature to which such a coated web is subjected to solidify it and to thus temper the coating of transfer material on the web in accordance with the use to be made thereof.

My invention includes the various novel features of construction and arrangement hereinafter more definitely specified.

In the drawings; Fig. I is a diagrammatic elevation of a simplified form of apparatus conveniently embodying my invention.

1927. Serial No. 189,001.

Fig. II shows a somewhat more complex modification of my invention. Referring to Fig. I; the transfer web 1 provided with a coating of transfer material upon the faceQ, thereof, is progressed in the direction of the arrow over the tempering roller 3 preferably by rotating the latter. Such rotation may be effected by any suitable means, but I have shown said roller provided with a pulley 4 engaged by the belt 5 connecting it with the pulley 6 on the electric motor 7. Said roller 3 is a hollow cylinder having a tempering liquid supply pipe 9 and discharge return pipe 10 respectively in coaxial relation therewith at opposite ends thereof. The purpose and effect of the other portions of the apparatus are to circulate through said roller 3 a tempering liquid at a predetermined temperature which may be varied by manipulation of the apparatus. 7

I find it convenient to employ water 11 as the tempering liquid and to forcibly progress the same through the pipes 9 and 10 by the pump 12 which may be actuated by any suitable means which I have exemplified by the pulley 13 also connected by the belt 17 with the pulley 6 on said motor 7. Said pipe9 extends to the bottom of the tempering liquid reservoir 14: and is conveniently provided with the drain cock 15 through which the water 11 may be discharged to waste through the pipe 1.6, when it is desired to cleanse the apparatus. The pipe 10 discharges into the reservoir 14 through the valve 18 by which the rate of flow of liquid may be variably determined.

The temperature of the body of tempering liquid 11 in said reservoir 14 is conveniently manifested by the thermometer 19. The temperature of the water may be varied and controlled by either cooling it or heating it, or both.

I have found that apparatus of the type shown in Fig. I is satisfactorily operative if the tempering liquid is maintained therein at 109 a temperature of 88 F. The reservoir'l i, being open at the top, there is a continual loss of water from the circulatory system by evaporation eto. To compensate for such loss and to also cool the water in the reservoir, I provide the tap water inlet pipe 21, controlled by the valve 22, and preferably provide said pipe 21 with a sight feed device 23 through which water may be permitted to drip, at a variable rate, in successive drops I liquid 24; the rate of such addition of water to the reservoir being variable by adjustment of said valve 22. If it is necessary forcontrol of the temperature of the mass of liquid 11 in the reservoir to introduce the tap water at a faster rate than compensates for the losses aforesaid; the drain valve 15 may be correspondingly opened.

I also find it convenient to provide said reservoir let with a heater 26, which may be of any convenient form, for instance, a gas water heater; through which the water may be circulated by way of the pipes and It. is to be understood that the apparatus above described may be variably controlled by manipulation of the valves aforesaid so as to circulate the tempering liquid through th cylinder 3 at any desired rate and at any desired temperature.

In the form of my invention shown in Fig; II; the reservoir is substituted for the reservoir l l and provided with the thermometer 31 to indicate the temperature of the temper ing liquid therein. Said liquid is withdrawn from said reservoir through the supply pipe 33, under control of the valve 34m, and is progressed by the pump 35 (which is equivalent to the pump 12 shown in Fig. I), through the .valve 36 and supply pipe 37 to the cylinder 3 from which it is discharged through the return pipe 38 provided with the controlling valve 39 (which is equivalent to the valve 18 shown in Fig. I)

I find it convenient to heat the tempering in the reservoir 30 by injecting steam therein through the pipe 11 under control of the valve a2 and to add tap water thereto by way of a pipe 21 controlled by a valve 22 and provided with a sight feed device 23, as above described. However, in that form of my invention, the drain pipe 16 provided with the valve 15 to regulate the normal discharge therethrough, is extended toward the top of the reservoir 30 in communication with the overflow outlet from said reservoir. Although either live or waste steam may be thus utilized for heating the tempering liquid in the form of my invention shown in Fig. II; where such heating means is normally available, I find it preferable to also provide the apparatus with auxiliary heating means and preferably two gas water heaters lli and a? through which the return tempering liquid from the pipe 38 may be directed by way of the bypass pipe 48 controlled by the valve 19. Said heaters 46 and 47 are provided with respective gas burners 51 and 52 supplied by the common gas pipe 53; the arrangement being such that either or both of said gas water heaters 16 and 47 may be rendered operative in accordance with the amount of heat desired.

Therefore, I do not desire to limit myself to the precise details of construction and ar-' rangement herein set forth, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein without departing from the essential features of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The combination with a liquid container to be maintained at a controlled temperature; of means arranged to control the temperature of said container, including a liquid reservoir; means arranged to supply said reservoir with a tempering liquid; means arranged to direct the liquid from said reservoir into said container and return it to said reservoir, including a pump and supply and return pipes; means arranged to heat said liquid, including a bypass pipe from said return pipe to said reservoir, and a heater arranged to heat said bypass pipe; and valve means arranged to variably control the iiow of liquid through said return pipe and bypass pipe.

2. The combination with a liquid container to be mantained at a controlled temperature; of means arranged tocontrol the temperature of said container, including a water reservoir open at the top; means arranged to supply said reservoir with cold water at a variable rate, including a valve controlled, drip, sight feeding device; a water conduit leading from the bottom of said reservoir into said container; a pump in said conduit; a second conduit connecting said container with the top of said reservoir; a valve controlling the latter conduit; adjustable means operative to permit escape of liquid from the circulatory system, at a variable rate, in accordance with its position of adjustment, and means arranged to heat he water in said system; whereby the liquid in said reservoir and container may be maintained at predetermined temperatures by operation of said cold water inlet and said heater.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Brooklyn, New York, this 21 day of April, 1927.

TVILLIAM JONSE HUG-HES. 

